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<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">This document is applied to fuel fabrication. It describes the ceramographic procedure used to prepare sintered (U,Pu)O<sub>2</sub> pellets for qualitative and quantitative examination of the (U,Pu)O<sub>2</sub> pellet microstructure.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">The examinations are performed</span></p>
<p class="ListNumber1" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">before any treatment or any etching, and</span></p>
<p class="ListNumber1" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">after thermal treatment or after chemical or ion etching.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">They allow</span></p>
<p class="ListContinue1" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">—<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">observation of any cracks, intra- and intergranular pores or inclusions, and</span></p>
<p class="ListContinue1" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">—<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">measurement of the grain size, porosity and plutonium homogeneity distribution.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">The mean grain diameter is measured by one of the classic methods: counting (intercept method), comparison with standard grids or typical images, etc.<sup>[</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>]</sup>. The measurement of individual grain sizes requires uniform development of the microstructure over the entire specimen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">The plutonium cluster and pore distribution and localization are generally analysed by automatic image analysis systems. The plutonium distribution is usually revealed by chemical etching or by alpha autoradiography. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a microprobe can also be used. In this case an additional preparation can be needed depending on the equipment used. This preparation is not in the scope of this standard.</span></p>
Reģistrācijas numurs (WIID)
86041
Darbības sfēra
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">This document is applied to fuel fabrication. It describes the ceramographic procedure used to prepare sintered (U,Pu)O<sub>2</sub> pellets for qualitative and quantitative examination of the (U,Pu)O<sub>2</sub> pellet microstructure.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">The examinations are performed</span></p>
<p class="ListNumber1" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">before any treatment or any etching, and</span></p>
<p class="ListNumber1" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">after thermal treatment or after chemical or ion etching.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">They allow</span></p>
<p class="ListContinue1" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">—<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">observation of any cracks, intra- and intergranular pores or inclusions, and</span></p>
<p class="ListContinue1" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">—<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB">measurement of the grain size, porosity and plutonium homogeneity distribution.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">The mean grain diameter is measured by one of the classic methods: counting (intercept method), comparison with standard grids or typical images, etc.<sup>[</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>]</sup>. The measurement of individual grain sizes requires uniform development of the microstructure over the entire specimen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span lang="EN-GB">The plutonium cluster and pore distribution and localization are generally analysed by automatic image analysis systems. The plutonium distribution is usually revealed by chemical etching or by alpha autoradiography. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a microprobe can also be used. In this case an additional preparation can be needed depending on the equipment used. This preparation is not in the scope of this standard.</span></p>
